Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机故障的检测及处理

介绍了Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机运行一年来陆续出现的一些故障及对故障的排查过程和解决方法.     

Viscosity Behaviors of Rapidly Curable Silica Sols

The viscosity behaviors of rapidly curable transparent silica aerogels, such as time at the onset point and the slope of viscosity increase, are investigated as functions of target density, water and catalyst content. Results were compared with the visually measured gel time. The effects of temperature and shear rate on the onset point and rate of the viscosity increase are also investigated with the selected samples. Experimental design and result analysis were also conducted using the Design of Experiment (DOE) method, and the Arrhenius relation was applied to predict the temperature dependence of viscosity. It is found that the target density and catalyst content played more important roles in determining gelation and viscosity behavior than water content did. As the target density increased, the gel time and the onset point appeared at significantly earlier times and the slope increased more rapidly, while there existed an optimum catalyst and water content for fast gelation and desirable viscosity behaviors. The temperature dependence of the viscosity behaviors of rapidly curable transparent silica sols can be expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The onset time of viscosity increase was little affected by the shear rate at a low shear rate range of up to 1.32 s⁻¹, and after that it linearly decreased with increasing shear rate, while the slope of viscosity increase continuously decreased with increasing shear rate. Overall, the viscosity measurement appears as a simple and reliable method for quantitatively measuring gel time, especially for the rapidly curable sol–gel process.     

Characterization of rapidly and naturally quenched skeletal iron catalysts for FT synthesis

The slurry phase is a promising system for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. Since the liquid medium efficiently removes the heat of reaction so that the steady-state reaction is easily achieved. High catalytic activity is maintained due to removal of waxy products from the catalyst surface by the action of solvent. In addition, CO-rich syngas from coal gasification can be directly used in FT synthesis which may increase the thermal efficiency of the indirect coal liquefaction. One of the important problems to be solved for slurry phase FT is the catalyst attrition and separation from wax residue. Fused iron and Raney iron were found to have high attrition resistance and easy to separate from wax in slurry phase FT synthesis, but their activity is relatively low. Amorphous alloys made by rapid quenching techniques have drawn increasing interest due to their superior mechanical,chemical and magnetic properties compared to the thermodynamically stable crystalline alloys of the same compositions. It is reported that rapidly quenched skeletal Ni catalyst showed higher catalytic activity than Raney Ni in selective hydrogenation of unsaturated organic functional groups.In this paper, Fe50Al50 (by weight) alloys with different quenching rates, rapid quenching (RQ) and natural quenching (NQ) were prepared for FT synthesis. The phase composition of alloys was characterized by XRD. The physical properties, thermal-stability and adsorption properties of skeletal Fe that was prepared by leaching aluminum of the corresponding alloy with aqueous solution of NaOH were also studied by BET, in situ XRD and H2- and CO-TPD. It is found from XRD patterns of the alloys that RQ Fe50Al50 is composed of orthorhombic phase, and NQ Fe50Al50 alloy is mainly composed of monoclinic phase. Meanwhile, diffraction peaks of the RQ alloy are seriously broadened. After leaching aluminum by aqueous solution of NaOH at the same conditions,skeletal Fe from the RQ alloy give the higher specific surface area and larger pore volume. The in -situ XRD shows that skeletal Fe from RQ alloy is composed of elemental iron and magnetite (FeFe2O4) with poor crystalline. The skeletal Fe from NQ alloy is mainly composed of elemental Fe and minor magnetite. The higher content of the magnetite phase in RQ skeletal Fe may arise from the higher activity of the RQ alloy. When the skeletal Fe was heated under Ar flow, the content of magnetite phase increased with temperature and became the main composition at 400℃ for the skeletal Fe from the RQ alloy. For the skeletal iron from the NQ alloy, phase change under heating is less obvious compared with that for the RQ skeletal iron. The H2-TPD profiles of the catalysts showed that two H2 desorption peaks appeared in both NQ and RQ skeletal iron, but the temperatures at maximum desorption rate of RQ skeletal iron were higher than those of the NQ skeletal iron. The CO-TPD experiment showed that NQ skeletal iron had the stronger affinity to CO than RQ skeletal iron. The different properties were explained on the basis of structure.     

一种便携式信号电缆接地故障检测仪

铁路信号室里信号线的数量众多,如何准确定位芯线接地故障的位置是个亟待解决的问题。此文针对故障芯线阻容网络的接地模型,提出了单频幅相法的故障定位方法,即用故障芯线各个测试点的幅相信息来确定故障点的位置,并且为了解决单频幅相法操作上的局限性,提出了基于折合相位差的双频幅相法定位原理。介绍了一种以TMS320C5509A数字信号处理芯片为数据处理和控制核心的便携式信号电缆接地故障检测仪,给出了该系统的工作原理及硬件、软件实现方案。经实验室测试及系统联调,实验室条件下用信号发射装置和信号接收装置对模拟故障电缆进行测试,测试结果表明,设计的测试系统能够定位 接地电阻故障。该仪器达到了一定的精度,能较好地适用于工程现场的测试。     

高温压电材料、器件与应用

作为重要的功能材料,压电材料已经在国民经济的多个领域里有着重要应用.随着现代工业的快速发展,特别是新能源、交通和国防工业的高速发展,功能材料的应用已经从常规使用转向极端环境下的服役.本文综述了具有高居里点的压电材料,包括钙钛矿型压电陶瓷、铋层状结构氧化物压电陶瓷、钨青铜结构压电陶瓷以及非铁电压电单晶等;介绍了其晶体结构特征和高温压电性能、最新研究进展,并列举了一系列的高温压电器件和应用,包括高温压电探测器、传感器、换能器和驱动器等.另外,本文总结了高温压电材料的热点研究问题,并展望了今后的发展方向.     

Design and fabrication of broadband rugate filter

The design and the deposition of a rugate filter for broadband applications are discussed.The bandwidth is extended by increasing the rugate period continuously with depth.The width and the smoothness of the reflection band with the distribution of the periods are investigated.The improvement of the steepness of the stopband edges and the suppression of the side lobes in the transmission zone are realized by adding two apodized rugate structures with fixed periods at the external broadband rugate filter interfaces.The rapidly alternating deposition technology is used to fabricate a rugate filter sample.The measured transmission spectrum with a reflection bandwidth of approximately 505 nm is close to that of the designed broadband rugate filter except a transmittance peak in the stopband.Based on the analysis of the cross-sectional scanning electron microscopic image of the sample,it is found that the transmission peak is most likely to be caused by the instability of the deposition rate.     

Dynamic stability of a viscoelastic plate with concentrated masses

The paper addresses the geometrically nonlinear problem of dynamic stability of a viscoelastic plate with concentrated masses. The Bubnov-Galerkin method based on polynomial approximation is used to reduce the problem to a system of nonlinear Volterra-type integro-differential equations with singular relaxation kernels. This system is solved by numerical method based on quadrature formulas. The critical loads are found and their dependence on the arrangement and number of concentrated masses is studied for a wide range of mechanical and geometrical parameters of the plate. The choice of a relaxation kernel for dynamic problems for viscoelastic thin-walled plate-like structures is justified. Results produced by different theories are compared __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 109–118, February 2008.     

Averaging principle for quasi-geostrophic motion under rapidly oscillating forcing

1　IntroductionandtheProblemPresentedClimateandgeophysicalflowsdefinetheenvironmentinwhichwelive ,andtheirunderstanding,beyondbeingafascinatingscientificchallenge,isoftremendouseconomicandsocialimportance.Aclassoflargescalegeophysicalfluidflows,suchastheGulfStreamandoceanicgyres,aremodelledbythequasi_geostrophicequation .Thequasi_geostrophic (QG)equationmodelsaclassoflargescalegeophysicalflows.ItisderivedasanapproximationoftherotatingNavier_StokesequationsbyanasymptoticexpansioninasmallRos…     

主动探测裂纹和控制裂纹扩展的智能材料结构

将具有特殊力学和物理性能的形状记忆合金──ＮｉＴｉ合金复合于主体材料内部,利用ＮｉＴｉ合金的主要特性,可以实现对构件中裂纹的自行探测和控制．本文对这种材料结构的定义、ＮｉＴｉ形状记忆合金的主要特性、含ＮｉＴｉ合金的杂交复合材料的智能效果、国内外发展动态、自动探测裂纹和控制裂纹扩展的基本原理以及发展的方向和应重点研究的问题等进行了论述．我们通过试验研究证明,该材料结构用于裂纹的探测和裂纹扩展控制,其效果是明显的．      

基于安卓的便携式无线多道能谱测量系统

为了满足实时现场测量和能谱监测的需求,设计了一种便携式无线多道数据采集系统。系统可以完成小剂量能谱测量和多道分析,并采用WIFI通信的方式,结合Android操作系统平台实现对能谱测量数据的记录和处理。介绍了系统的设计方案,包括测量原理、硬件设计和软件设计。具体阐述了各个硬件单元的原理、功能和设计要点。最后进行了能谱测试和同类仪器比对实验,根据测量结果分析了该能谱测量系统的性能。系统样机的采集道数为64k,能量分辨率为3.81%。